Muhammad and the Empires of Faith

List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
The Caliphs, 632–809

Introduction: The Making of the Historical Muhammad

PART I. BEFORE THE SIRAH-MAGHAZI LITERATURE

1. The Earliest Evidence
   Three Early Non-Muslim Testimonies to Muhammad
   Revisiting the Doctrina Iacobi
   The “Keys to Paradise” in Late Antique Religious Discourse
   The “Keys to Paradise” in Early Islamic Preaching
   The Doctrina Iacobi and the Historical Muhammad
   
2. Muhammad the Merchant
   The Earliest Depictions of Muhammad as a Merchant
   Muhammad’s Occupation in the Hadith and Sirah-Maghazi Literature
   Muhammad as a Trader in Arabic Sources
   Muhammad and the Monk
   The Merchants of Mecca

PART II. THE BEGINNINGS OF HTE SIRAH-MAGHAZI LITERATURE

3. The Beginnings of the Corpus
   The Umayyads and the Beginnings of the Sirah-Maghazi Tradition
   `Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan and `Urwah ibn al-Zubayr
   
4. The Letters of `Urwah ibn al-Zubayr
   The Chains of Transmission for `Urwah’s Letters
   A Translation of the Letters Attributed to `Urwah ibn al-Zubayr
   Letter 1. From the Persecutions in Mecca to the Hijrah to Yathrib
   Letter 2. Khadijah’s death and the Prophet’s marriage to `A'ishah
   Letter 3. The Battle of Badr
   Letter 4. On al-Hudaybiyah, a Gloss on Q. Mumtahinah 60:10–12
   Letter 5. The Conquest of Mecca and al-Ta?if
   Letter 6. On the Hums
   Letter 7. `A'ishah’s Accusers
   Letter 8. On Khuwaylah, the wife of Aws ibn al-Samit, a Gloss on Q. Mujadalah 58:1–4
   Letter 9. On the Prophet’s Marriage to a Sister of al-Ash`ath ibn Qays
   
5. The Court Impulse
   Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri and the Umayyads
   The Corpus of Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri
   Ibn Ishaq and the Abbasids
   The Corpus of Ibn Ishaq
   
PART III. LOCATING THE SIRAH-MAGHAZI LITERATURE IN LATE ANTIQUITY  

6. Prophecy and Empires of Faith
   Prophecy and the Rhetoric of Empire
   The Vision of Heraclius
   Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri’s Christian Source
   Translatio Imperii in the Early Sirah-Maghazi Literature
   
7. Muhammad and Cædmon
   Cædmon’s Call and The Iqra? Narrative
   From Muhammad’s Call to Cædmon’s Call
   Mechanisms of Narrative Influence
   The Iqra' Narrative—Early, but not Historical
   Excursus: Alternative Accounts of Muhammad’s First Revelation
   
   Epilogue: The Future of the Historical Muhammad
   
Bibliography
Index